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Functional Status Questionnaire
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About Functional Status Questionnaire
Scale Name
Functional Status Questionnaire
Author Details
Alan M. Jette
Translation Availability
English
Background/Description
The Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ), developed by Alan M. Jette in 1986, is a brief, self-administered tool designed to assess physical, psychological, and social role functioning in ambulatory care patients, screening for disability and monitoring functional changes in primary care. Published in Medical Care (1986), it adapts items from the Sickness Impact Profile and RAND instruments, covering physical function (3 ADL, 6 IADL items), psychological function (5 items), work performance (6 items), social activity (3 items), and quality of social interaction (5 items), plus 6 additional questions on work status, bed days, activity reduction, and relationship/health satisfaction. Using 4-, 5-, or 6-point scales for the past month, it takes ~15 minutes to complete.
The 34 items yield six summary scale scores (0–100, higher = better function) and six single-item scores, processed by computer to generate a one-page report flagging clinical concerns based on expert-defined thresholds (e.g., ADL 87/88, mental health 70/71). Validated with ambulatory care patients (mean age ≈ 18–70 years, mixed gender, U.S.-based), it correlates with functional status measures.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Obtain the FSQ from Jette (1986) or Medical Care, ensuring ethical permissions.
- Explain to participants (ambulatory patients 18+ in primary care) that the questionnaire assesses functioning, emphasizing confidentiality and voluntary participation.
- Administer the 34-item self-report scale in primary care settings, with patients responding to items reflecting the past month on varied-point scales.
- Estimated completion time is ~15 minutes.
- Ensure a supportive clinic environment; provide care resources (e.g., referrals) and adapt for accessibility (e.g., large print, assistance) if needed.
Reliability and Validity
The FSQ demonstrates solid psychometric properties (Jette, 1986). Internal consistency is high (Cronbach’s alpha ≈ 0.80–0.90 across scales, N not specified). Test-retest reliability is moderate to high (r ≈ 0.75–0.85) over short intervals. Inter-rater reliability is not applicable due to self-report but is consistent with standardized scoring.
Convergent validity is supported by correlations with the Sickness Impact Profile (r ≈ 0.70–0.80) and RAND measures. Discriminant validity is evidenced by its ability to differentiate functional levels (e.g., 0 vs 100), with scale scores reflecting distinct domains. Factor analysis supports the multi-domain structure, reinforcing construct validity. The FSQ reliably assesses functioning. Pairing with the COOP Charts or SF-36 enhances comprehensive assessment.
Available Versions
34-Items
Reference
Jette, A. M., Davies, A. R., Cleary, P. D., Calkins, D. R., Rubenstein, L. V., Fink, A., … & Delbanco, T. L. (1986). The Functional Status Questionnaire: reliability and validity when used in primary care. Journal of general internal medicine, 1(3), 143-149.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the FSQ measure?
It measures physical, psychological, and social role functioning in ambulatory care.
Who is the target population?
Ambulatory adults (18+) in primary care settings.
How long does it take to administer?
Approximately 15 minutes.
Can it inform interventions?
Yes, it screens for disability and monitors functional progress.
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